Whereas, Most Christian, High, Excellent, and Powerful Princes, King and Queen of Spain and of the Islands of the Sea, our Sovereigns, this present year 1492, after your Highnesses had terminated the war with the Moors reigning in Europe, the same having been brought to an end in the great city of Granada, where on the second day of January, this present year, I saw the royal banners of your Highnesses planted by force of arms upon the towers of the Alhambra, which is the fortress of that city, and saw the Moorish king come out at the gate of the city and kiss the hands of your Highnesses, and of the Prince my Sovereign and in the present month, in consequence of the information which I had given your Highnesses respecting the countries of India and of a Prince, called Great Can, which in our language signifies King of Kings, how, at many times he, and his predecessors had sent to Rome soliciting instructors who might teach him our holy faith, and the holy Father had never granted his request, whereby great numbers of people were lost, believing in idolatry and doctrines of perdition. It might not be fair to lay all the blame at Columbus’ feet, but since all sides treat him as a symbol, such questions cannot be avoided. On the other hand, the direct result of this and later voyages was the virtual extermination, by ill-treatment and disease, of the vast majority of the Native inhabitants, and the enormous growth of the transatlantic slave trade. On the one hand, it is witness to the tremendous vitality and verve of late medieval and early modern Europe – which was on the verge of acquiring a world hegemony. The meaning of this voyage is highly contested. This document is the from the journal of Columbus in his voyage of 1492. Christopher Columbus: Excerpts from his Journal (1492) This text is available online at the Medieval Sourcebook. Members from this site want to exchange it: Pigé, akadotour, MicheleTN, skypy, Tamango, 53th0s, Feli圎shed, fatbardhshpuza, titi68, hyac50, Tdlq87, Giorgis90, Szavincent, Fabrice44, palci, Bavariat, shamrockwallace, arobase74, nlemesh, Sisilija, Nikos66, uccello, letocapo, lanotte, dady, Garik, rmj, Lucazeo, vincentc68, manach, nago, Blazenko, Pillo, zoelles, Carletto, stefuo, marcpleche, gma, Boubymomo, l-ajaiste-21, lamule, JoachimSdl, Hein Jan, Mad_cow, borzacsko, JeChuisEuro, lulu17, Robert T, DavidB, Euro.Primary Source: Christopher Columbus, Journal Excerpts Since some users own several versions, the sum may be greater than 100%. Numista does not buy or sell coins or banknotes.įrequencies show the percentage of Numista users who own each year or variety among all the users who own this coin. They serve as an indication only they are not intended to be relied upon for buying, selling or exchanging. They are based on evaluations by Numista users and sales realized on Internet platforms. Values in the table above are expressed in UAH. Please sign in or create an account to manage your collection. 500 Lire (Trial strike caravelle upwind flags).
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS SHIPS TRIAL
3 of 5 September 1996)ġ958 with the flags against the wind on the obverse as in the trial strike of 1957 ( )ġ966 obverse with vanishing lettering and last ship without flags on the masts of the other two and without crosses on the sails. Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, Rome, Italy (1911-date)Įrrors reported by Giovanni Attardi in the book "Variants and errors in the coins of the Italian Republic" second edition 2002/2003:ġ958 surrounding legend ITALIANA REPUBBLICA (Artemide auction no. Lettering: REPVBBLICA ITALIANA ***1960***
Raised lettering with the date within six stars (three for each sides)
This is an emulation of the Pisanello Medaglia di Cecilia medal of the Renaissance era, sporting the same hair net, and similar dress.
From lower left the shields are: Genova, Torino, Aosta, Milano, Trento, Venezia, Trieste, Udine, Bologna, Firenze, Ancona, Perugia, Roma, L'Aquila, Napoli, Bari, Potenza, Catanzaro, Palermo, Cagliari. Reverseīust of woman in Renaissance dress, representing Italy, surrounded by 19 shields. Guido Veroi, born in Rome on 16 November 1926 and died in the same city on 16 January 2013, was a sculptor, medalist, mosaic and glass master from Italy.
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